Turbulence modeling is a field of study in fluid mechanics that seeks to predict and understand the behavior of turbulent flows. Turbulence refers to the chaotic and random motion of fluids, characterized by eddies and fluctuating velocities. Turbulent flows are common in nature, occurring in rivers, oceans, and atmospheric conditions, as well as in industrial processes such as air and water cooling systems. Turbulence modeling involves the development of mathematical equations and models to simulate and predict turbulent flow patterns. These models may be based on statistical approaches, such as Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, or on large eddy simulation techniques that resolve only the largest eddies in a turbulent flow. The goal of turbulence modeling is to improve the accuracy and efficiency of fluid flow simulations in various engineering applications, such as aerodynamics, combustion, and heat transfer. Overall, turbulence modeling plays a crucial role in the analysis and design of complex fluid systems and helps engineers and researchers better understand the dynamics of turbulent flows.